THE AMAZING ABILITY OF THE CUTTLEFISH
Cuttlefish can change their color
and camouflage themselves, becoming almost invisible to the human eye.
According to one report, cuttlefish “are known to have a diverse range of body
patterns and they can switch between them almost instantaneously.” How do
cuttlefish do it?
The cuttlefish changes color by
using the CHROMATOPHORE, a special kind of cell
found under its skin. Chromatophores contain sacs that are full of colored pigment and that are surrounded by tiny
muscles. When the cuttlefish needs to camouflage itself, its brain sends a
signal to contract the muscles around the sacs. Then the sacs and the pigment
within them expand, and the cuttlefish quickly changes its color and pattern.
The cuttlefish may use this skill not only for camouflage but also to impress
potential mates and perhaps communicate.
Engineers at the University of
Bristol, England, built an artificial cuttlefish skin. They sandwiched disks of
black rubber between small devices that function like cuttlefish muscles. When
the researchers applied electricity to the skin, the devices flattened and
expanded the black disks, darkening and
changing the color of the artificial skin.
Research on cuttlefish muscles –“the
soft structure that nature is so good at making,” according to engineer
Jonathan Rossiter –could lead to clothing that changes color in a fraction of a
second. Rossiter says that people might wear cuttlefish-inspired
clothes for camouflage –or simply for fashion.
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